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Vocabulary for Describing Graphs and Charts (IELTS)

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To achieve a good score in IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, candidates are often required to present various types of data, including line graphs, bar charts, tables and multiple graphs.

These representations of data typically involve numerical values and percentages, and differ from maps or process descriptions. To achieve a high band score, it is essential to provide an accurate and robust description, while effectively analysing the data presented. A mere 150-word response is not sufficient to achieve the desired band score; it is essential to maintain variety in vocabulary usage and avoid redundancy. In this article you will find vocabulary for describing graphs and charts.

Vocabulary	Example Sentence
Increase	The sales figures exhibited a consistent increase over three months.
Rise	Stock prices experienced a significant rise during the first quarter.
Grow	The company’s revenue continued to grow month by month.
Climb	The temperature climbed to 30 degrees Celsius in the afternoon.
Upward Trend	There is an upward trend in the number of students enrolling at the university.
Decrease	The number of accidents on the road decreased after speed limits were enforced.
Fall	The temperature fell rapidly as the sun set.
Decline	The quality of the product declined over time.
Drop	Sales dropped suddenly in the last week of the month.
Fluctuate	Prices of commodities tend to fluctuate daily due to market changes.
Remain Stable	The population of the city has remained stable for the past decade.
Level Off	After a period of rapid growth, sales leveled off in the last quarter.
Peak	The demand for the product peaked during the holiday season.
Bottom Out	Housing prices seem to have bottomed out after a long period of decline.
Plateau	The number of tourists visiting the city plateaued at around 2 million per year.
Recover	The economy is expected to recover after a sharp decline.
Sustain	The growth in the tech industry has been sustained over the years.

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The chart/data/graph/table/pie chart/bar chart/diagram vocabulary:

Conveys information regarding…
Presents data on…
Offers insights into…
Depicts…
Compares…
Elucidates the reasons behind…
Describes…
Draws conclusions from (a survey)…
Gives information about/on …
Provides information about/on …
Shows …
Compares …
Explains why …
Describes …

Types of Graph Changes

Chart 1:

These verbs and example sentences illustrate different ways to describe significant increases in various contexts:

Verb	Example Sentence
To rise	The stock market is expected to rise significantly next week.
To increase	The company’s profits increased by 20% compared to last year.
To surge	The number of online orders surged after the new product launch.
To grow	The technology sector continues to grow at a rapid pace.
To peak	Sales of the new smartphone are projected to peak during the holiday season.
To rocket	The price of Bitcoin rocketed to an all-time high.
To soar	The demand for renewable energy sources has soared in recent years.
To leap	The company’s stock price leaped after the positive earnings report.

Chart 2:

These verbs and example sentences demonstrate different ways to describe significant decreases or declines in various contexts:

Verb	Example Sentence
To fall	The temperature is expected to fall below freezing tonight.
To decrease	The company’s profits have decreased by 15% compared to last quarter.
To decline	The quality of customer service has been in a steady decline.
To dip	Sales numbers tend to dip during the off-season.
To dive	The company’s stock price took a dive after the negative news.
To plunge	The value of the currency plunged during the economic crisis.
To plummet	Housing prices plummeted, resulting in more affordable homes.

Chart 3:

Verb	Example Sentence
To fluctuate	The prices of cryptocurrencies tend to fluctuate daily due to market volatility.
To vary	The weather in this region can vary greatly from day to day.

Graph 4:

These adverbs can be used to emphasize the extent or speed of changes and trends when describing graphs and charts:

Adverb	Example Sentence
Sharply	The temperature sharply dropped from 30°C to 10°C in just a few hours.
Suddenly	The stock prices suddenly surged after the positive earnings report.
Rapidly	The company’s revenue has been rapidly increasing over the past year.
Abruptly	Sales of the product abruptly declined after a change in consumer preferences.
Dramatically	The implementation of new policies dramatically improved the city’s air quality.
Significantly	The number of users on the website has significantly increased in the last month.
Considerably	The company’s market share has grown considerably over the past quarter.
Markedly	The impact of the advertising campaign on sales was markedly positive.
Wildly	The demand for the limited edition product increased wildly after its release.

These adjectives can be used to describe various degrees and intensities of changes when interpreting data in graphs and charts:

Adjective	Example Sentence
Sharp	There was a sharp increase in website traffic after the redesign.
Sudden	The sudden drop in sales was unexpected and concerning.
Rapid	The company experienced rapid growth in its first year of operation.
Abrupt	The abrupt change in government policy had a significant impact on the economy.
Dramatic	The dramatic rise in oil prices caused a global economic crisis.
Steep	The steep decline in the stock market led to investor panic.
Significant	There has been a significant rise in the number of students attending the university.
Considerable	The company’s investment in research and development led to considerable improvements.
Marked	There was a marked increase in customer satisfaction following the product update.
Substantial	The company reported substantial profits for the fiscal year.
Spectacular	The spectacular growth of the startup attracted attention in the business world.

Graph 5:

These adverbs can be used to indicate subtle or gradual changes in graphs and charts, emphasizing the small scale or slow pace of these changes:

Adverb	Example Sentence
Slightly	The price of the stock increased slightly during the trading session.
Gently	The population of the city has been gently increasing over the past decade.
Gradually	The company’s market share has been gradually declining over the year.
Steadily	The website’s user base has steadily grown since its launch.
Modestly	The profits of the small business increased modestly in the last quarter.
Marginally	The improvement in customer satisfaction was only marginally noticeable.

These adjectives can be used to describe smaller or less noticeable changes in graphs and charts, emphasizing the gentle or modest nature of these trends:

Adjective	Example Sentence
Slight	There was a slight increase in the price of consumer goods.
Gentle	The gentle rise in temperature made for a pleasant afternoon.
Gradual	The gradual decline in sales was a long-term trend.
Steady	The company’s steady growth over the past decade was reassuring for investors.
Consistent	The consistent performance of the stock made it an attractive investment.
Modest	The modest rise in revenue did not meet the company’s expectations.
Marginal	The marginal improvement in customer feedback did not have a significant impact.